Politburo

[citation needed] The term is also sometimes used to refer to similar organs in non-communist parties, such as the Political Bureau of Hamas.

The term politburo in English comes from the Russian politbyuro (политбюро), itself an abbreviation of politicheskoye byuro (политическое бюро 'political bureau').

The Spanish term Politburó is directly loaned from Russian, as is the German Politbüro.

The first politburo was created in Russia by the Bolshevik Party in 1917 during the Russian Revolution that occurred during that year.

Today, there are five countries that have a politburo system: China, North Korea, Laos, Vietnam, and Cuba.

The Soviet Politburo passes a resolution to execute 346 "enemies of the CPSU and the Soviet Government" who led "counter-revolutionary, pro-Trotskyist, plotting and spying activities", signed by secretary Stalin , 17 January 1940.