The president is the commander in chief of the armed forces, has the procedural duty of appointing the Prime Minister with the consent of the National Assembly (Parliament) through a majority vote of all MPs, and has certain influence on defense and foreign policy.

The prime minister is chosen by the National Assembly on the proposal of the President of the Republic, who names the designate after consultations with leaders of all parliamentary parties.

[3] Legislative power is vested in the unicameral parliament known as the National Assembly (Serbian: Народна скупштина, romanized: Narodna skupština), which is composed of 250 proportionally elected deputies by secret ballot.

The powers of the legislature include enactment and amendment of the constitution, enactment of laws, adoption of the state budget, declarations of war and peace, calling and conducting referendums and elections, appointments and relief of office of independent public authorities, supervising the work of the Government and holders of independent public authorities.

[5] The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses, as well as administering the prison system.

During the period of German occupation the government was independent and was mostly run by military personnel, right-wing politicians and former members of the fascist Yugoslav National Movement (ZBOR).

Serbia is a member state of numerous international organizations: UN, ICC, IMF, WB, OSCE, CoE, BSEC, PfP, CEFTA, SECI, CEI.

The agreement pledged both sides not to block the other in the EU accession process, defined the structure of the police and local elections in all parts of Kosovo, and also established the proposal of the Community of Serb Municipalities.

The United States-mediated diplomatic talks agreed on the interconnection of air, train and road traffic, while both parties signed the 2020 agreement on the normalisation of economic relations.

Both parties agreed to a proposed normalisation agreement in EU mediated dialogue in 2023 and through further negotiations accepted a roadmap and timescale for its implementation the following month.