The Politis–Kalfov Protocol (Bulgarian: Спогодба Калфов – Политис; Greek: Πρωτόκολλο Πολίτη – Καλφώφ) was a bilateral agreement signed in 1924 at the League of Nations in Geneva between Greece and Bulgaria.
[1] After the Tarlis incident in which 17 Bulgarian peasants were killed by a Greek soldier on July 27, 1924, near the Greco-Bulgarian border, tensions between the two countries increased.
As result on 29 September, 1924 a protocol was signed at the League of Nations in Geneva by Nikolaos Politis and Hristo Kalfov, concerning the “Protection of the Bulgarian minority in Greece.” This agreement constituted the first official acknowledgement by Greece that a Bulgarian minority existed there.
Belgrade also was suspicious of Greece's recognition of a Bulgarian minority and was annoyed this would hinder its policy of forced “Serbianisation” in Serbian Macedonia.
[2] On February 2, 1925, the Greek Parliament, claiming pressure from the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, which threatened to renounce the Greek–Serbian Alliance of 1913, refused to ratify the agreement.