Polkowo [pɔlˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sztabin, within Augustów County, province of Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

[1] The village was founded on June 23, 1582 within the boundaries of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, during the incidence of slave-raiding from the Ottoman Empire and Crimean (Tatar) Khanate (preceded by the Golden Horde).

A Suwałki County official issued a decree from the city of Rajgrod (northwest of Polkowo) granting peasants Mark (Markowie) and Elizabeth (Elzbiece) Konoza (Konozie) the right to settle on the hillock of Polikow (later referred to as the village of Polkowo) near the river Biebrza (current day Biebrza National Park).

[2] May 3, 1585 ° Queen Anna issued a decree from Warsaw confirming the initial land grant 1587 ° Boundaries of Polkowo were determined to be 5 wlok (approximately 150 acres) September 13, 1639 ° Rajgrod court lowered rent for land from 50 to 10 Polish zloty 1661 ° Land grant reaffirmed by King Kazimierz 1664 ° Descendants thrived and multiplied consisting of five families In 1777 an armed conflict arose when a landlord of the royal estates chose to impose on the citizens of Polkowo demands for labor, additional payments and higher rents; these citizens initiated a lawsuit (litigants included Mateusz and Marianna Kawalkow Konoza) in the royal court which took several years to resolve; allegations were that the landlord conducted raids of the village, taking oxen, horses and personal possessions; they were also accused of assaults.

In 1781 a subsequent commission again held for the villagers, but their lease payments were increased to 200 Polish zloty; "Polkowianie" (the people of Polkowo) at that time consisted of 20 hamlets.