She was an ancestor of the Roman emperors Augustus, Claudius, Caligula and Nero.
Pompeia was born and raised into a noble family in Picenum (modern Marche and Abruzzo) a rural district in Northern Italy, off the Adriatic Coast.
Lucilius was a friend of Roman general Scipio Aemilianus Africanus.
Pompeia married Marcus Atius Balbus (148 BC–87 BC), a senator of plebs status from Aricia (modern Ariccia).
Her son married Julia Minor, the younger of two sisters of dictator Gaius Julius Caesar.