Ponomaryov, also spelled Ponomariov or Ponomarev (Russian: Пономарёв), or Ponomaryova (feminine; Пономарёва) is a Russian language patronymic surname derived from the nickname Ponomar ("sexton"), and literally meaning "sexton's son".
The nickname "Ponomar" has also become a surname.
The Ukrainian language counterpart is "Ponomarenko".
Notable people with the surname include: