Pontllanfraith (Welsh pronunciation: [ˌpɔntɬanˈvraiθ]) is a large village and community located in the Sirhowy Valley in Caerphilly County Borough, Wales, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire.

[citation needed] The modern name acquired the change from llyn "lake" to llan "church", a common element in Welsh toponymy, somewhere around the eighteenth century and led to the belief that there was a saint called Braith, whose mutated form Fraith was similar to Ffraid, Welsh for Saint Brigid.

In 1874 and 1875, Gelligroes Colliery was established, striking the Mynyddislwyn Red Ash vein, although the pits were later abandoned in 1875 due to water problems.

In 1914, Lloyd's Navigation Steam Coal Co. Ltd. restarted work at the colliery, but World War I caused it to stop again.

Caerphilly County Borough Council previously had offices at the building named Pontllanfraith House, although they have now been demolished.

Pontllanfraith Low Level was a passenger station on the Taff Vale Extension of the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway.

[22] Pontllanfraith Rugby Football Club run a number of teams, with the first fifteen playing their home matches at Islwyn Park.

Ponllanfraith Diamonds Cycle Club founded by Roland Morgan in 1958, which spawned a number of successful cyclists until it disbanded in 1968.

Although still operational, Caerphilly County Borough Council has expressed intentions of closing it to invest the £125,000 annual running cost elsewhere.

In 2019, a High Court bid to overturn the council's planned closure succeeded under the principle of "public sector equality duty".