Its four main steam turbine units were constructed between 1948 and 1960 by the Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO), with the older two decommissioned in 1994.
[1] As of 2021, the plant consists of two steam turbine units with a nameplate capacity of 188.0 MW each, which are once-through cooled with water from Port Jefferson Harbor.
[11] In 2001, LIPA proposed building two mini-turbines at Port Jefferson as part of a plan to build ten such plants across Long Island to avoid the risk of rolling blackouts in the face of increased demand like those experienced in California the previous year, given strain on the system from a heat wave in 2001.
[12][13][14] The adjacent Village of Poquott sued over the lack of environmental review,[15] but the new turbines were completed by August 2002.
[21] Another 2020 report commissioned by the village opposed decommissioning the plant, citing opportunities as a supplement to renewable power mandated by the state Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act, as the center of a potential microgrid operated by the village, or as a site for a new battery storage power station.
LILCO had initiated challenges against several plants including Port Jefferson in the early 1990s, but these were dropped in 2004 after they had been inherited by LIPA.
In 2015, the Village of Port Jefferson and the Port Jefferson School District sued LIPA on the basis of a claimed 1997 agreement between then-Governor George Pataki, local school districts, and LIPA not to seek to lower the assessed tax value.
[24][25] The Town of Brookhaven and Village of Port Jefferson settled with LIPA in December 2018 to reduce the plant's tax payments over the course of the following nine years.