In mathematics, an element of a *-algebra is called positive if it is the sum of elements of the form
a
An element
is called positive if there are finitely many elements
holds.
[1] This is also denoted by
[2] The set of positive elements is denoted by
A special case from particular importance is the case where
is a complete normed *-algebra, that satisfies the C*-identity (
), which is called a C*-algebra.
In case
is a C*-algebra, the following holds: Let
Then the following are equivalent:[4] If
is a unital *-algebra with unit element
, then in addition the following statements are equivalent:[5] Let
The property of being a positive element defines a translation invariant partial order on the set of self-adjoint elements
{\displaystyle {\mathcal {A}}_{sa}}
holds for
, one writes
[13] This partial order fulfills the properties
{\displaystyle ta\leq tb}
{\displaystyle a,b,c\in {\mathcal {A}}_{sa}}
is a C*-algebra, the partial order also has the following properties for