It is an omnivore that feeds on land, but returns regularly to the water, and can survive short periods of drought in burrows and under stones.

Potamon ibericum differs from other species in the genus in the form of the first pleopod of the males – the organ used to transfer spermatophores.

[1] Potamon ibericum is an omnivore, eating detritus, filamentous algae, and plant matter, as well as a variety of animals, including worms, amphipod crustaceans, aquatic insect larvae, molluscs, frogs and tadpoles, fish, and carrion.

[1] Despite the specific epithet ibericum, the species does not occur on the Iberian Peninsula, which has no native freshwater crabs,[1] but to Caucasian Iberia.

[3] Potamon ibericum was introduced to the Cagne River in southern France between 1975 and 1983, when crayfish of the species Astacus leptodactylus were imported for aquaculture from Turkey.

[6] It is now found some 6 km (3.7 mi) downstream of that site, at the entrance to a series of gorges, in a part of the river that rarely dries out.