A part of north west region also borders with Nagarkurnool district of Telangana.

[5] It is the largest district in the state with an area of 14,322 km2 (5,530 sq mi) and had a population of 2,288,026 as per 2011 Census of India.

[9] Prakasam district occupies an area of 14,322 square kilometres (5,530 sq mi).

The Nallamalas consist of a range of continuous fairly steep hills with an average elevation of about 620 meters above sea level.

The Nandi Kanuma passes from Bellary (in Karnataka) via Kurnool, Dornala, and Yerragondapalem to Markapur.

The portions of Veligondas stand prominently as two continuous parallel ranges of fairly steep hills running in a north-south direction with a wide valley in between.

The water from the eastern range of hills drains in a northerly direction to the Gundlakamma river.

Mopadu Reservoir, Paleru-Bitragunta Anicut, and Cumbum Tank are major sources of medium irrigation.

[12] The minerals found in the district are Baryte, iron ore, quartz, and silica sand.

[3]: 77–81 At the time of the 2011 census, 93.88% of the population spoke Telugu and 5.05% Urdu as their first language in the undivided district.

[18] The major products contributing to the GVA of the district from agriculture and allied services are, tobacco, paddy, chillies, batavia, milk, meat and fisheries.

The GVA to the industrial and service sector is contributed from construction, minor minerals, unorganised trade and ownership of dwellings.

[12] There are many industries of food and agriculture, mineral, chemical, leather, plastic and rubber, engineering, cotton and textiles, electronic products.

[13] Ongole (Lok Sabha constituency), Bapatla (Lok Sabha constituency)(partial) Ongole and Bapatla Lok Sabha constituency presently comprises the following Legislative Assembly segments:[19] The District comprises three revenue divisions viz., Ongole, Kanigiri and Markapur.

They include, 33 government, 2,949 mandal and zilla parishads, 1 residential, 1079 private, 10 model, 37 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV), 50 municipal and 152 other types of schools.

[26] Rajeev Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies, Ongole campus is at Santhanuthalapadu.

The anicut was built by the Vijayanagar Princess Varadharajamma (also known as Ruchidevi), wife of Sri Krishna Devaraya.

It has received World Heritage Irrigation Structure (WHIS) tag in the year 2020 by UNESCO.