In January 2005 the centre-left The Union coalition held open primaries in order to select its candidate for President in Apulia.
More importantly, in October 2005, The Union asked its voters to choose the candidate for Prime Minister in the 2006 general election: 4.3 million voters showed up and Romano Prodi won hands down.
As of today, these rules were used in occasion of the 2005 regional election by the Democrats of the Left and Future Tuscany,[2] and in the 2010 regional election by the Democratic Party and Left Ecology Freedom.
[3] The list includes the results of (open) primary elections for prime minister, president of region, mayor of a city with 150,000 inhabitants and leader of major party.
All the following primaries were funded and ran by parties, with the sole exception of those for the Regional Council of Tuscany.