Born in Berlin, Frederick was the son of Prince Louis Charles of Prussia and Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, later Queen of Hanover, nephew of King Frederick William III of Prussia and stepson of Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover.

The castle soon became the center of social and cultural life of the city, as the Prince and Princess Frederick were both interested in art and talented artists themselves.

Prince Frederick was among the founders of the Düsseldorf art, music and drama club and served as its patron.

He acquired Fatzberg Castle, turned it into his summer residence and named it Burg Rheinstein.

Frederick had separated from his wife the previous year, due to her chronic nervous disease.