She was the couple's first daughter and second child, an older brother had been born the previous year.

Louis XIV, her mother's uncle, instead imposed Élisabeth Charlotte as sovereign of the territory.

The princess died of smallpox at the Château de Lunéville ("country residence" of the Dukes of Lorraine) having passed the illness to her other brother, the Hereditary Prince of Lorraine and their younger sister Marie Gabrièle Charlotte.

Her younger brother Francis Stephen became the Holy Roman Emperor.

Her youngest sister, Anne Charlotte, whom she never met, was later Abbess of Remiremont.