Private housing estates in Hong Kong

Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Taikoo Shing, Whampoa Garden, and City One Shatin are early notable examples.

There has been controversy over the "wall effect" (Chinese: 屏風樓, literally "folding screen building") caused by uniform high-rise developments that adversely impact air circulation, leading to an aggravation of the urban heat effect while also impacting public hygiene and contributing to air pollution.

[1] In 2006, the environmental group Green Sense[2] has expressed concern that their survey on 155 housing estates found 104 have a "wall-like' design".

[3] Then-head of the planning department, Ava Ng, argued that the air ventilation factor had been taken into consideration with regard to the auction of all prime sites on the land application list, and mentioned that the erection of tall buildings at these sites would not create any "wall effect".

[4] In May 2007, citing concern over developments in West Kowloon, and near Tai Wai and Yuen Long railway stations, Wong Kwok-hing, of the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions, put forward a motion calling for measures to reduce screen-like buildings that maximise good views at the expense of air flow in densely populated areas.