[3] It is endemic to Tanzania and is known from the Mahenge and Udzungwa Mountains as well as the Southern Highlands,[1] including the eponymic Mount Rungwe, its type locality.

The tympanum is distinct and large, up to 1.5 times the eye diameter, but partly obscured by the supra-tympanic fold.

[4] Probreviceps rungwensis lives in montane and submontane forests at elevations of about 1,050 to 2,200 m (3,440 to 7,220 ft) above sea level.

[1] The eggs are deposited in burrows in the leaf litter and hatch directly into small froglets.

Although it tolerates mild habitat disturbance, it is likely to be suffering from the ongoing forest loss, primarily caused by subsistence small-scale agriculture and pole cutting and logging.