[4] It carried supplies including food, water, and oxygen for the EO-10 crew aboard Mir, as well as equipment for conducting scientific research, and fuel for adjusting the station's orbit and performing manoeuvres.

It carried the fourth VBK-Raduga capsule, which was used to return experiment results and equipment to Earth when the Progress was deorbited.

Progress M-10 was launched at 00:05:25 GMT on 17 October 1991, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

[4] Following four days of free flight, it docked with the forward port of the core module on the second attempt, at 03:40:50 GMT on 21 October.

It undocked from Mir at 07:13:44 GMT on 20 January 1992, and was deorbited few hours later to a destructive reentry over the Pacific Ocean.