Natalism

[17] Beginning around the early 2020s, the threat of "global demographic collapse" began to become a cause célèbre among wealthy tech and venture-capitalist circles[18][19] as well as the political right.

[19] In the United States, key figures include Kevin Dolan, organizer of the Natal Conference,[21][20][22] Simone and Malcolm Collins, founders of Pronatalist.org,[18][23][21] and Elon Musk, who has repeatedly used his public platform to discuss global birth rates.

[18][19] The right-wing proponents of pronatalism argue that falling birthrates could lead to economic stagnation, diminished innovation, and an unsustainable burden on social systems due to an aging population.

[23] The movement suggests that without a significant increase in birth rates, the sustainability of civilizations could be in danger; Elon Musk has called it a "much bigger risk" than global warming.

After a brief adherence to the strict Communist doctrine in 1920s and attempts to raise children communally, coupled with the government-provided healthcare, the Soviet government switched to neo-traditionalism, promoting family values and sobriety, banning abortions and making divorces harder to obtain, advancing natalist ideals that made mockery of irresponsible parents.

[43] In 2006, Vladimir Putin made demographics an important issue,[44] instituting a two-pronged approach of direct financial rewards and socio-cultural policies.

The notable example of the former is the maternal-capital program where the woman is provided with subsidies that can be spent only on improved housing or the education of a child (and can also be saved for the retirement).