He was educated at the Palatine School,[1] At the court of King Louis the Pious he took over writing the Annals of St Bertin from about 835 until his death in 861.

The same opinion he defends in his De prædestinatione contra Johannem Scotum, which he wrote in 851 at the instance of Archbishop Wenilo of Sens who had sent him nineteen articles of Eriugena's work on predestination for refutation.

Still it appears that at the synod of Quierzy, he subscribed to four articles of Hincmar which admit only one predestination, perhaps out of reverence for the archbishop, or out of fear of King Charles the Bald.

In his Epistola tractoria ad Wenilonem, written about 856, he again upholds his former opinion and makes his approval of the ordination of the new bishop Æneas of Paris depend on the latter's subscription to four articles favouring a double predestination.

Of great historical value is his continuation of the Annales Bertiniani from 835 to 61, in which he presents a reliable history of that period of the Western Frankish Empire.