Psilodraco was first described as a genus in 1937 by the British ichthyologist John Roxborough Norman when he was describing the only species in this monotypic genus Psilodraco breviceps,[1] the type of which had been collected by the Discovery Expedition off South Georgia.

[2] The genus name compounds psilos which means "naked", a reference Norman did not explain but this species lacks any obvious scales, and draco meaning "dragon", a common suffix used in name notothenioids, while the specific name breviceps means "short head", this species having a shorter snout than Gymnodraco acuticeps.

In alcohol this fish is brown, covered in darker spots, paler on the underside and on the fins.

[5] Psilodraco is found in the Southern Ocean where it is endemism to the insular shelf of South Georgia.

A sampled female had ovaries which contained 1,340 eggs[4] It is a synchronous spawner.