[4][5][6] Psilolechiaceae is in the order Lecanorales, in the suborder Sphaerophorineae, which also includes the families Pilocarpaceae, Psoraceae, and Ramalinaceae.

[3] Psilolechiaceae is a monogeneric family of crustose lichens with effuse, ecorticate (lacking a cortex), leprose thalli formed by goniocysts (aggregations of photobiont cells surrounded by short-celled hyphae) containing Trebouxia or stichococcoid algae.

The apothecia lack a distinct margin, and the asci are 8-spored and have a cylindrical to clavate shape.

They feature a central, elongated tube-like structure, and a non-amyloid ascus wall surrounded by a thin outer layer.

Both the tube-like structure and the thin outer layer stain dark blue in K/I.