Public art in Barcelona

Later monuments were busts placed in niches, medallions, fountains, steles and pedestals, friezes, reliefs, commemorative plaques, gravestones, followed by installations, land art and multidisciplinary works.

[15] The oldest public monument in its original location is the Font de Santa Eulàlia [ca; es], dedicated to the patron saint of the city, which was erected in Plaça del Pedró in 1673.

The statue was destroyed in the popular uprising of Camància [es; ca] (1843) and replaced by a copy made by a stonemason, until 1877 the fountain was dismantled; even retained bas-relief of the pedestal, which is in the Museum of History of Barcelona.

The garden highlights the labyrinth that gives the park its name, at the center of which is a statue of Eros, while in the entrance there is a relief of Ariadne and Theseus, at the exit is the echo grotto and Narcissus; at a higher level is the Belvedere viewpoint and two temples in the Italian style with statues of Artemis and Danae; Finally, on a third terrace stands the pavilion of Charles IV, crowned by a sculpture depicting Apollo and the muses, while to the rear is a large lake fed by the source of the nymph Egeria, inspired by the Stowe cave.

[22] As for public buildings, the most important were the two statues placed in niches on both sides of the front door of the new facade of the Hotel de Ville, representing James I the Conqueror and Joan Fiveller [es], made by Josep Bover 1844.

Note that then the Palau de la Generalitat did not harbor this institution, abolished by the Decree of New Plant, but the Royal Court, the Provincial Council and the General Archive of the Crown of Aragon.

[26] Josep Fontserè was commissioned in 1872 to remodel Ciutadella Park, and designed gardens and a green-screened central square, a circular promenade and a fountain, two lakes and woodland, and ancillary buildings and infrastructure such as Born Market.

Inspired by Neo-Mudéjar, it had a height of 30 meters and was decorated with rich sculptural ornamentation, the work of several artists: Joseph Reynes carved in friso superior Barcelona receives nations ; Josep Llimona carried on the back of the top Cast rewards to the participants of the exhibition; on the right side Antoni Vilanova i Andreu [ca] made allegories of Industry Agriculture and Trade; left, Torquay Tasso I Nadal [ca] elaborated allegories for the Science and Art.

[28] In the Hall of San Juan, now Passeig de Lluís Companys – a long avenue, 50m wide, featured balustrades of wrought iron, mosaics and large pavement lanterns, all designed by Pere Falqués.

The monument stands out for its profusion sculpture, which involved several of the best sculptors of the moment: it emphasizes the group The Quadriga Aurora of Rossend Novas and The Birth of Venus of Venanci Vallmitjana; the fronton is the work of Francesc Pagès and Serratos.

[31] Other statues were placed for the Exhibition: the Lady umbrella (1884) by Joan Roig i Solé, located on the present site of Zoo, and that over time has become an emblematic building of the city; Homage to Aribau (1884) by Josep Vilaseca and Manuel Fuxà, the Avenue of the Linden trees -the original stone of 934 was replaced by a bronze copy of Henry Monk; Figures to scientists Jaume Salvador (1884) and Félix de Azara (1886), Edward B. Alentorn at the Geology Museum; the Hunter lions (1884), of Agapito and Vallmitjana Abarca, one of the rides in the park; and Equestrian statue of General Prim (1887), by Louis Puiggener, located in front of the Palace of Industry is currently where the Zoo – although the original was destroyed in 1936 and later restored by Frederic Marès.

[32] Later, between 1897 and 1901, was built at the entrance to the Parc de la Ciutadella Rius i Taulet Monument, who was mayor during the Exhibition and one of the main promoters of the project designed by the architect Pere Falqués and the sculptor Manuel Fuxà; also participated Eusebi Arnau [es], author of the figure of Barcelona.

The monument is divided into three sections: a circular base, with four flights of stairs to 6 meters wide, with eight statues of Leon and eight reliefs with the shields of the Spanish provinces and Top acts performed by Columbus; an estate eight sides, four of them arranged as buttresses in the form of a cross with allegorical statues of Catalonia, Aragon, Castile and León, as well as figures Bernardo Buil, Pedro Margarit Jaume Ferrer de Blanes and Luis de Santángel; the column Corinthian with a base figures caravels, Gryphon and winged Fames, the capital representations of Europe, Africa, Asia and America, a crown prince, a hemisphere-for the recent discovery of Terrestrial globe and the Columbus statue.

The sculpture was awarded through public tender workshops and sculptors Josep Llimona (bas) Antonio Vilanova (bas) Rossend Novas (spurs), Francisco Pastor (capital) Pere Carbonell ( Catalonia), Joseph casing (Aragon lions heraldic) Joseph Gamot (Castile, Luis de Santángel), Rafael Atché ( Lion statue Columbus), Manuel Fuxà ( Father Boil ) Francesc Pagès and Serratos ( Jaume Ferrer de Blanes) and Edward B. Alentorn (Pere Margarit).

[35] Finally, note that in 1892 stood at Rambla Square of Catalonia Canaletes Fountain by Pere Falqués, which eventually became an emblem of the city and usually place meeting the fans of Barcelona Football Club in the celebrations of the team.

[42] That same year realized Falqués lamps Passeig de Gràcia and Plaça del Cinc d'Oros -now Plaza Juan Carlos I, although the lights are currently at Avenida Gaudí, made of iron and limestone, the first inverted L-shaped benches to sit, and the latter in the form of vertical root Gothic pinnacle.

[43] The same year he was placed in the Parc de la Ciutadella Mammoth a replica of this extinct animal sculptures made of concrete -first use of this material in the city- work of Michael Dalmau.

In 1911 the winner was Joseph Campeny, three of whose fountains were erected : Trinxa at the junction of Ronda Universitat and Pelai; Granota (Frog) at Còrsega and Diagonal; and El noi dels càntirs (The boy of the pitchers) in the Plaza Urquinaona.

[49] In 1917 he moved to the Parc de la Ciutadella -in what had been ancient sculpture courtyard armes- Grief of Josep Llimona, the center of an elliptical pond located in front of the old military arsenal today hosts the Parliament of Catalonia.

The idea of erecting a monument to the famous poet arose after his death in 1902, but did not crystallize until 1913, when he won a competition sculptor Joan Borrell Nicholas, in conjunction with the architect Josep Maria Pericas.

[52] Other monuments made the 1920 were: In Doctor Andreu (1927), in honor of chemist Salvador Andreu, promoting the development of the Tibidabo who was made a first monument with effigy of the honoree, the work of Enrique Sagnier and Eusebio Arnau, which was destroyed during the Civil War, in 1952 and replaced by a statue of woman wearing robes and carrying traditional hand a laurel branch, developed by Maria Llimona;[53] A Pearson (1928), a monument in the form of allegory Victory dedicated to the American engineer Fred Stark Pearson, promoter of the electrical industry in Catalonia, by Josep Viladomat located in the Plaza de Pedralbes,[54] Durán the aviator (1928), the sculptor Jaime Duran in memory of the ship lieutenant Juan Manuel Durán pilot of Plus Ultra, the first plane made a transatlantic flight without scales, died in plane crash in Montjuïc, where he placed his monument, shaped Victory alada;[55] and Source Aurora (1929), by Joan Borrell initially located at Passeig de Gracia and subsequently disintegrated into several pieces scattered around different parts: the chariot of Helios in the Turó Parc [ca] Selene Vallcarca Avenue, Minerva on Montjuïc, a Nymph combing her hair on the Plaza Joaquim Folguera, and the eagles Zoo.

In 1984 the UNESCO included in the Guell Park Place Heritage "Works of Antoni Gaudí"[58] In District of Sarria-Sant Gervasi are the Gardens Tamarita made by Tudurí Nicolau Maria Rubio i in 1918, where in front of the main building are located four sculptures dedicated to -all less Oceania- continents, by Virginio Arias.

They then placed several sculptures to decorate the grounds, among which was' Elizabeth II presents her son, the future King Alfonso XII in Barcelona, work of Agapito Vallmitjana 1860; or female nude kneeling by Joan Borrell in 1916.

The International Exhibition took place from 20 May 1929 to 15 January 1930, and left numerous buildings and facilities some of which have become emblems of the city, including the National Palace, Magic Fountain, the Teatre Grec, the Spanish Village and Olímpico.

[61] Stadium the venue of the exhibition was built as a general project of Josep Puig i Cadafalch, and began at the Plaza of Spain, through the avenue of America -current avenue Maria Cristina de la Reina, where large exhibition buildings were located, to the foot of the mountain, where the Magic Fountain, flanked by the palaces of Alfonso XIII and Victoria Eugenia stood; From here a staircase leading to the National Palace, the most monumental work of Exposición.

[63] Between Spain Square and the National Palace of Montjuic Magic Fountain, designed by Carles Buigas, who wowed audiences for its fantastic play of light and water spouts stood.

Originally there was also in the square the group Nens cavalcant peixos (1928), by Frederic Marès, a fountain with water jets and four figures indicating the title, which was transferred in 1961 the junction of Gran Via and Rambla de Catalunya.

Finally, the work entitled Marinade or Danzarina, by Antoni Alsina was located in the Jardines del Umbráculo on Passeig de Santa Madrona of Montjuïc, in this case, because it concerns a female nude that was not viewed favorably by the moral prevailing at the time.

[79] In other areas of the city were also major renovations, such as the Plaza de las Glories, one of the main roads of the city, where they placed twelve big marble slabs dedicated to several highlights of the history of Catalonia, in reference to the Glories that give name to the place; as well as a monument to the Metro, François Scali and Alain Domingo, a piece of steel that reproduces the topographic profile of the meridian connecting Barcelona to Dunkirk, which served to establish the extent -the metric system in 2014 was transferred to the Meridiana Avenue between Independence and Consell de Cent -.

[81] In connection with the Games, installation in different parts of the city in a series of commemorative Olympic sources, made by the sculptor Juan Bordes in collaboration with the architects Oscar Tusquets and Carlos Diaz.