Congresswoman Jenniffer González-Colón, resident commissioner of Puerto Rico, is the current local party chairperson.

The origin of the Republican Party of Puerto Rico can be traced to the aftermath of the Spanish–American War.

Once the Spanish–American War came to an end in 1898, Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States.

At that point, the former Spanish colonial-era parties that existed in Puerto Rico were forced to redefine themselves given the new political reality created by the change in sovereignty.

In 1924 Partido Republicano de Puerto Rico split into two factions: one faction joined with the Union Party to form the Alianza (The Alliance), a pro-autonomy group, and the other faction, renamed itself Partido Republicano Puro (Pure Republican Party) and joined with the Socialist Party to form the pro-statehood Coalición (The Coalition).