The town's rapid rise in importance was partially due to its favorable position in the center of a cotton-growing area.

The town is built on rocky soil and derives its water supply mainly from the Wardha river, and more recently, from wells.

[2] Like many small towns across India, Pulgaon's limits have been expanded and the majority of the population are actually legally within either Nachangaon or Gunjkheda[clarification needed].

The major Hindu temples in the town are of Madan Mohan, Balaji, Shiva, Hanuman, Ram, Datta, Bhavani-Mata, Katheen-Mata, Bhairav-Baba, and Vitthal.

[citation needed] The town's Buddhist temple contains a bronze bust of the Buddha, reported to have been brought from Thailand.

In 1961, it helped organize a mahila mandal[clarification needed], tailoring classes, and the construction of a vyayamshala (Marathi: व्यायामशाळा, lit. 'gymnasium').

[citation needed] Other industries include cotton ginning and pressing factories, hand-loom textiles, and BEC fertilizers.

Visiting Bhairav-Baba temple, which resides inside the premises, is strictly restricted due to security risks.

[5][6] There is an Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) bus depot and workshop in Pulgaon.

Cities and towns connected by buses to Pulgaon include Nagpur, Wardha, Gondia, Yavatmal, Akola, Amravati, Chandrapur, and Mahur.

Pulgaon railway station lies on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line, and is a major stop due to the nearby Central Ammunition Depot.