Qi Wannian (died February or March 299[1]), or Qiwannian, was an ethnic Di chieftain and rebel leader during the Western Jin dynasty of China.
The rebellion raised concerns among some ministers regarding the tension between the Han and tribal people while also triggering mass displacement and migration of refugees into Hanzhong and Sichuan.
Due to oppression by local Han administrators, these groups, most notably the Qiang, would frequently rebel against the ruling dynasties and such events only intensified during the Western Jin period.
In June or July 296, Hao Duyuan allied himself with the Qiang people of Mount Malan (馬蘭山) in Beidi Commandery (北地, roughly modern Tongchuan, Shaanxi) and the Lushuihu to rebel against Jin.
[3] In September or October 296,[4] the revolt escalated after Hao Duyuan defeated the Inspector of Yong province, Xie Xi (解系).
Tens of thousands of Han Chinese and tribal peoples from these areas became refugees and migrated southward into Hanzhong and Sichuan in search of food.
Qi Wannian himself was wary of Zhou Chu, as the latter had experience dealing with the Qiang and Di tribes during his tenure as Administrator of Xinping (新平郡; around present-day Bin County, Shaanxi), but believed he could easily be defeated if he was subordinated.
His soldiers were also not given time to eat before they had to join Xie Xi and Lu Bo's forces in attacking the rebels at Liumo (六陌, in modern-day Qian County, Shaanxi).
In 311, the refugees in Jing acclaimed Du Tao, a Han Chinese official, as their leader and rebelled due to the oppression they faced by the local populace, and their rebellion lasted until 315, when they were finally defeated by Jin forces.