In 1883, the club played in the Montreal Winter Carnival, and joined the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC) in 1888 and were members until 1898.

One player that went through the ranks of the Quebec Hockey Club was David Watson (1869–1922), a journalist and newspaper owner who fought as a Major-General in World War I. Watson played for the Quebec HC as a cover point (an offensive defenceman) in the AHAC through the course of the 1890s.

Quebec went on to win the CAHL and expected to receive the Stanley Cup as league champions.

In a Stanley Cup challenge, they crushed the Moncton Victorias in two games, 9–3 and 8–0, in the best-of-three playoff.

In a Stanley Cup challenge after the season the team easily beat the Sydney Millionaires in two games by a combined score of 20-5.

Quebec's long-time manager Mike Quinn had retired due to ill health.

The other directors of the Bulldogs were unable to get enough financing to make the move to the NHL—no small consideration given that Quebec City was by far the smallest market in the league.

However, the other owners called Quinn's bluff by demanding a firm commitment to ice a team in the NHL for the 1918–19 season.

In May 1919, NHL president Calder and Mike Quinn made efforts to return Quebec to the league.

Despite Malone's scoring and the presence of players like Harry Mummery, Quebec had a dismal season, finishing last, with 4 wins and 20 losses.

Before the 1920–21 season, the NHL took back the franchise, and sold it to new owners who moved the team to Hamilton, where it became the Tigers.

This helped to head off a potential competing league organized by Livingstone from setting up in Hamilton.

The entire Tigers roster was then sold to Bill Dwyer, owner of the expansion New York Americans franchise.

The last active Bulldogs player in major-league hockey was Dave Ritchie, who retired in 1926.

Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against Note: 1 = first half of season, 2 = second half of season This list is incomplete.