The first manuscript fair-copy score is titled simply "Quintetto para flauta, oboé, corn'inglez, clarinete e fagote".

[1] Although it was not originally intended as part of the Chôros series, some writers (e.g. Neves,[2] Wright,[3] and Appleby[4] have treated it as related.

It was first performed on 14 March 1930 at the Salle Chopin in Paris, on the same concert (part of the Festival de Musique Moderne) with the premieres of Chôros bis (for violin and cello), the Cirandas (for piano), and the Chansons typiques brésiliennes.

The score was only first published in 1953, by Max Eschig, in an edition that includes alternative passages to facilitate the substitution of the (French) horn for the cor anglais.

[8] A free rhythmic organization, reflected by frequent changes of metre and tempo and reinforced by a deliberate tonal freedom, produces a quality of spontaneity.