Rüdenau is a municipality in the Miltenberg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Kleinheubach.

On 3 May 1285, the knight Wipert Rüd von Rüdenau donated tithe income in Gönz and Weckbach to the Amorbach Monastery.

The Electoral Mainz Amt was assigned in the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss to the Princes of Leiningen, was mediatized in 1806 by Baden, and in 1810 was ceded to the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt.

The municipality's arms might be described thus: Gules three bars wavy argent, in chief a dog's head of the second erased gorged sable, in base a sword of the second hilted and pommelled Or per bend sinister.

The tinctures argent and gules (silver and red) refer to Electoral Mainz's former hegemony over the area, which ended with the Old Empire's downfall in 1803.