Raghunath Keshav Khadilkar (15 December 1905 – 8 March 1979) was a union minister, freedom fighter, and a thought leader from Pune, Maharashtra.

During his term as Union Minister for Labour, Khadilkar, championed a formula [1] to raise the minimum bonus from 4% to 8.33% (1/12th of annual salary).

[2] This practice of giving one month's salary as bonus to workers (especially during Diwali) is widely followed by households and businesses even today.

As a social and political activist, Khadilkar served several terms of imprisonment between 1930 and 1945 during India's freedom movement.

In 1955, he took a leading part in forming the All India Mazdoor Kisan Party, a coalition of seven leftist organizations, and was elected Secretary Convener of the Central Committee.