Robert Goodloe Harper Pennington (October 9, 1854 – March 15, 1920) was an American artist and writer known for his portraits of New York and Newport socialites.

In 1880, while in Munich, he was advised to join a group of American painters led by Frank Duveneck in Florence, known as the "Duveneck boys", which included John White Alexander, Otto Henry Bacher, Robert Frederick Blum, Charles Abel Corwin, George Edward Hopkins, Julius Rolshoven and Theodore Wendel.

[3] While in Venice, he made a portrait of Robert Browning for Katherine de Kay Bronson, a prominent American expatriate.

[8] Pennington made several paintings for King Edward VII (then the Prince of Wales), "who was so well pleased with the artist's skill that he presented him with his photograph bearing his autograph.

Of course, the 'good Americans,' whose eyes are always fixed on Paris, (where he is said to go when he dies,) cannot yet perceive what has grown up under his feet in architecture, sculpture, and painting, and, after all, in the making haste to become rich nobody cares.

[15] Before their divorce in 1913,[16] they were the parents of four daughters and one son:[17] After two years of ill health, Pennington died from pneumonia at the Dr. Richard F. Gundry Sanitarium in Cantonsville on March 15, 1920.