The base is home to No 92 Wing and their Boeing P-8 Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft that conduct surveillance operations throughout Australia's region of interest.

9 Squadron at Edinburgh remotely pilot the Royal Australian Air Force's fleet of drones, such as the Northrop Grumman MQ-4C Triton, as well as a range of other undisclosed activities.

[6] In August 2012, stage two of the redevelopment of the base was completed including a new air traffic control tower and facilities for No.

[7][8] On 19 November 2017, the Defence Minister announced that the base would be upgraded to operate the P-8A Poseidon including new facilities, infrastructure and airfield works with a strengthened and extended runway (by 275 metres (902 ft)).

[12] In May 2023, it was revealed that the 16th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery would be relocating from their Woodside Barracks to purpose-built facilities at Edinburgh once completed, to accommodate the new NASAMS ground-based air defence systems.

[15][16] A 2014 report from the United States Environmental Protection Agency described PFOA and PFOS as emergent contaminants that are "extremely persistent in the environment and resistant to typical environmental degradation processes" and which consequently pose "potential adverse effects for the environment and human health" due to their toxicity, mobility, and ability to bioaccumulate.

[17] The Hardened and Networked Army plan was announced in December 2005 to relocate elements of the Australian Army's 1st Brigade to RAAF Base Edinburgh which was later altered by the Enhanced Land Force plan released in August 2006 changing the mechanised infantry battalion to be relocated.

[23][25] In November 2017, the 1st Armoured Regiment relocated from Robertson Barracks to Chauvel Lines at RAAF Base Edinburgh as part of the Plan Beersheba reorganisation of the Army.