Racing Club Lescure XIII as they were originally called were founded in 1964 by school teacher Jean Carayon as a youth team.

Helped by fellow teachers Pierre Lapeyre and Henri Papailhau the team used to train and play anywhere they could until the Stade Jean Vidal was secured and became their base.

In 1974 it was decided to start a senior team but with their ground not up to league standard they played their first season at the Stade Mazicou in nearby Albi.

It was during this era though that the youth team completed a league and cup double in 1980 and in 1988 the club broadened its horizons by changing its name to include the nearby town of Arthes thus becoming RC Lescure-Arthes XIII.

In 2002 a ladies and girls teams were started and the senior men's team due to the expansion and reorganisation of the French leagues found themselves by 2010 in the 2nd tier Elite Two Championship and by the end of season 2010-11 they'd won promotion to the top flight by beating RC Baho XIII 12–0 in the final.