The RFU Championship Cup is an annual rugby union competition introduced by the Rugby Football Union (RFU) in 2018 to provide a cup competition for English second-tier clubs playing in the RFU Championship, following the disbanding of the British and Irish Cup at the end of the 2017–18 season.

The British and Irish Cup was initially a strong and interesting competition, but this started to change at the end of the 2013–14 when the Scottish clubs decided to pull out due to fixture congestion, and then in 2014–15 the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) made the controversial decision to switch their club representatives to select XV sides based on the Pro14 clubs.

The death knell sounded when the English Championship clubs pulled out at the end of the 2017–18 season, deciding to create their own competition.

While the RFU hailed the new competition as a positive step for the second tier, with a regionalised format encouraging derby rivalries, reaction from Championship club supporters was muted, with many feeling an opportunity was missed to create a meaningful competition combining the 24 professional sides in England, and others expressing dissatisfaction with a format that would see some clubs face each other four times a season.

Group matches run for six consecutive weeks through November to December following a break in the RFU Championship league campaign.