Rachel, Lady Russell (née Wriothesley /ˈraɪəθsli/ RYE-əths-lee;[1] c. 1636 – 29 September 1723) was an English noblewoman, heiress, and author.

Lady Rachel received a religious upbringing, and remained throughout her life, a devout member of the Church of England.

Together they had four children: In 1683, Lord Russell was one of the conspirators in the Rye House Plot, a plan to ambush King Charles II and his brother, James, Duke of York, to prevent a Catholic succession.

Upon his condemnation, Lady Russell laboured diligently to save her husband's life; she was aided by her father-in-law, the Earl of Bedford, who offered a sum of between £50,000 and £100,000 for a pardon to his son.

[6] The attainder against her husband was reversed by a bill which was passed in Parliament and received the royal signature in the reign of William III and Mary II.

Lady Russell died at Southampton House, Bloomsbury, London on 29 September 1723, the anniversary of her husband's birth; she was about 87 years old.

Lady Russell was buried beside her husband on 8 October 1723 in the Bedford Chapel at the Parish Church of Chenies, Buckinghamshire.