[2] Petrović made his official debut for the club in a UEFA Champions League qualifier against Inter Baku on 6 August 2008, a game which Partizan won 2–0.

On 10 April 2011, Petrović made his 100th competitive match for Partizan and marked his jubilee with a goal from the penalty kick against Spartak Subotica.

[6] On 24 July 2011, Serbian media revealed possible interest in Petrović from English Premier League (at the time) team Blackburn Rovers.

[12] Petrović's full home-debut for the club was against Sheffield Wednesday on 24 August 2011 in the League Cup second round, in a game which Rovers won 3–1.

On 19 July 2015, Petrović made his first official debut for Dynamo in a 2–1 win against FC Stal in the Ukrainian Premier League.

[15][16] Despite the events, he and the rest of the team agreed to play in the Portuguese Cup final scheduled for the following weekend,[17] eventually losing to C.D.

[21] Petrović made his international debut for the Serbia U21 squad in the first leg of the 2009 European Championship qualifying play-offs against Denmark U21 on 11 October 2008.

On 1 June 2010, Petrović was named in the final 23-man squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup,[22] where he appeared in group stage victory against Germany.