In 2021, he was appointed to serve as director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy by President Joe Biden.

[6] He left the role in 2018 to become the chief medical officer of the March of Dimes, a nonprofit organization.

[7] Gupta was the lead member of the 2020 presidential transition of Joe Biden for the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP).

[9] His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 28,[10] and he was sworn into office on November 18.

[12] In office, he has pushed for funding opioid addiction treatment programs for incarcerated individuals.