[6] These crusaders may have considered the sea route preferable to a crossing of the Alps or else may have sought to distance themselves from the emperor.
[7] Arriving in Lisbon in mid-June, Hartwig was honorably received by Bishop Soeiro Anes [pt].
[10] The only source for the raid on Silves is Roger of Howden, although the German sea crusade is also mentioned in the Chronica Regia Coloniensis and the Annales Stadenses.
[5] There was no Portuguese involvement in the attack on Silves,[4] possibly because Sancho I had signed the peace treaty with Caliph Yaqub al-Mansur in 1196 following the battle of Alarcos.
[9] According to Howden, the crusaders completely destroyed the city, leaving no stone upon another, because they did not believe that the Portuguese could hold it.