The company was established in 1993 as the successor to the Czechoslovak State Railways (Slovak: Česko-slovenské štátne dráhy) in Slovakia following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia.

ŽSR was tasked with infrastructure maintenance, while passenger and freight transport was moved to Železničná spoločnosť.

It has nine members—six members of them are experts from the transport sector, finance, banking, economics and law, three are elected as representatives of the railway employees.

Railways of Slovak Republic are represented in international organizations in Brussels, Belgium and Warszawa, Poland.

Detailed information about pricing is published on the websites of individual companies providing passenger transport: