[2] Before the French occupation of Algeria, Rajaouna Mountain was home to a Turkish fortress built 261 meters (856 feet) above sea level.

A significant part of the Kabylia region was not under the authority of the Dey in Algiers, with the Ait Abbas fortress as its command center.

[4] The formation of Rajaouna Mountain dates back to the Tertiary of the Cenozoic era on the geologic timescale.

[5] The presence of sedimentation of sandstone, puddingstone and breccia around Baluwa Mountain has indicated that the uplift was formed during the Oligocene period.

[9] After collecting rainwater and snowmelt, the mountain's reefs supply the Sebaou Valley, which surrounds the ridge to the east, north, and west as it descends toward its estuary in Boumerdès Province.