Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), located in Bengaluru, India, is a public, affiliating university set up in 1996 by the Government of Karnataka, India, for the regulation and promotion of higher education in health sciences throughout the state of Karnataka.

Prior to its formation, health science education in Karnataka was overseen by multiple universities, leading to a fragmented system with varying standards.

Recognizing the need for a centralized body to ensure uniformity, quality, and progress in health science education, the Karnataka government passed the RGUHS Act in 1994, which came into effect two years later, formally founding the university.

This was a critical step in improving the quality of education and ensuring consistent academic and clinical training across affiliated institutions.

In March 2023, Government of Karnataka led by the then Chief Minister, Basavaraj Bommai, wanted to rename the university to Kengal Hanumanthaiah, which was met with resistance and eventually the prospect was scrapped.