Thystère Tchicaya founded the RDPS on 29 October 1990, after splitting from another opposition group, the National Union for Democracy and Progress (UNDP).

[2] Initially part of the National Alliance for Democracy (AND), a coalition of left-wing parties that supported Pascal Lissouba, the RDPS soon broke with the AND and joined the Union for Democratic Renewal (URD) opposition coalition, led by Bernard Kolélas.

[9] In January 2016, the party pledged its support for Denis Sassou Nguesso in the March 2016 presidential election.

[11] Following the election Jean-Marc Thystère Tchicaya was reconfirmed ad Minister of Hydrocarbures in the newly formed Clément Mouamba's second cabinet.

[12] In the 2021 presidential election the party supported once again Sassou Nguesso's candidacy, that was reelected for his fourth term.