Ranoidea

Members of this superfamily are characterised by having the pectoral girdle fused into a single complex unit, having no ribs, and using an axillary grip during amplexus.

The larvae have a single spiracle on the left side and complex mouthparts, or in some species, undergo direct development.

[citation needed] The Rainodea superfamily is a large group of frogs from the anura order, with 17 subfamilies.

Some of the largest threats to the frogs in this group include housing and urban development, farming, illegal trade, mining, etc.

They typically reside in leaf litter and in tropical deciduous forests, near streams and can be found between 200 m and 1100 m in altitude.

The family of Mantellidae (Malagasy poison frogs) has 3 different genera with 191 species total.

The family of Rhacophoridae (Afroasian tree frogs) has two subfamilies, 14 genera, and a total of 321 species.

The two subfamilies are completely different in that cacosternines are small and slender typically terrestrial or semiaquatic, whereas pyxicephalines are large bullfrog like frogs that have stocky bodies, with fang like projections on their lower jaw, used to smash their prey.

They are typically small with spherical shaped bodies, which become even more round when they are disturbed because they inflate themselves as a mode of defense.

Hemisotidae will have clutches ranging from 100-250 eggs, and the female will dig a chamber near an ephemeral pool.

The female will typically remain with the eggs until they hatch, in which she will then guide the tadpoles to the nearby pool.

The phylogenetic tree of Ranoidea and other anurans. [ 5 ]