Raphael Kühner (22 March 1802 – 16 April 1878) was a German classical scholar.
He was born in Gotha and educated at the Illustrious Gymnasium and the University of Göttingen.
His large Greek grammar, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (two volumes, 1834–35), was translated by William Edward Jelf (1842–45).
An enlarged third edition in four volumes was produced by Friedrich Wilhelm Blass and Bernhard Gerth (1890–1904).
His large Latin grammar, Ausführliche Grammatik der lateinischen Sprache (two volumes, 1877–79), has been reëdited in enlarged form by Friedrich Holzweissig and Carl Stegmann (Hannover, 1912–14).