It was started as a breakaway faction of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party under leadership of Kamal Thapa, home minister under King Gyanendra's direct rule.

Bidwai Parishad of Jit Bahadur Arjel also merged with them[11] On March 2, 2008, Rabindra Nath Sharma stepped down as party chairman, citing health reasons.

[13] Thapa subsequently said on June 20, 2008 that the country faced an impending "disaster", urging alertness among the party.

[19] However, the Election Commission turned down the breakaway group's request seeking recognition as a new party and claim of proportional representation seats.

It will weaken democracy" [21] Other dissidents leaders said it was Chairman Kamal Thapa's "concession on monarchy and Hindu state" that precipitated the split.

[22][23] When the party joined the government of Khadga Prasad Oli, Bikram Bahadur Thapa and Kunti Devi Shahi became state ministers.

[25] Kamal Thapa was elected chairman of the party in a special general convention in Kathmandu in February 2017.

[27] On 21 July 2022, Former Urban Development Minister Dil Nath Giri, Former RPP Vice-President Dil Bikash Rajbhandari along with leaders Shyam Timalsina, Keshavraj Shrestha, Daman Basnet, Sudha Joshi, Ranjita Shrestha and Dipesh Khatri resigned en masse from RPP and joined hands with Kamal Thapa in a welcome program in Kathmandu.