[2] At the 2024 Billie Jean King Cup playing for the Slovakia team, she contributed in reaching the final for the first time for her country.

Šramková won her biggest singles title to date at the 2016 Open de Biarritz, a $100k tournament, where she defeated Martina Trevisan in the final in three sets.

[4] She made her Grand Slam main-draw singles debut at the 2017 Australian Open by mastering the three-round qualifying rounds, where she dealt with Virginie Razzano in the decisive match.

[8] She made her WTA 1000 debut at the 2024 Indian Wells Open, after qualifying for the main draw, and won her first match at this level over Wang Yafan.

120, she also qualified for the main draw at the Italian Open and defeated wildcard Georgia Pedone, 26th seed Katie Boulter and Sofia Kenin to reach the fourth round, before losing to Jelena Ostapenko.

[10] At the 2024 Budapest Grand Prix, she reached her second WTA Tour quarterfinal, upsetting third seed Wang Xiyu, before losing to Eva Lys.

136, Šramková reached her first WTA 250 final at the Jasmin Open, after defeating qualifier Elsa Jacquemot,[13] second seed Clara Burel in straight sets,[14][15] Sara Sorribes Tormo saving a match point to reach her first WTA Tour semifinal,[16][17] and seventh seed Lucia Bronzetti.

89, she reached back-to-back finals in a month at the 2024 Thailand Open 2, defeating local qualifier and WTA Tour debutante Mananchaya Sawangkaew, Magda Linette,[20]Jana Fett, and Tamara Zidanšek.

[21] Šramková defeated Laura Siegemund in the final to claim her maiden Tour-level title and became the tenth first-time WTA Tour champion in the season.

[33][34] In the last four, Šramková came back from a set down to defeat Katie Boulter to help Slovakia beat Great Britain and make it into the final for the first time since 2002.

[36] Only main-draw results in WTA Tour, Grand Slam tournaments, Fed Cup/Billie Jean King Cup and Olympic Games are included in win–loss records.