Gjakmarrja (literally "blood-taking" meaning "blood feud") or Hakmarrja ("revenge") refers to the social obligation to commit murder in order to salvage honour questioned by an earlier murder or moral humiliation.
[3] Such killings are said to continue till today, especially in Albania and North Macedonia [citation needed].
In the course of the reconciliation campaign that ended blood feuds among Kosovo Albanians, the largest restorative justice conference took place at Verrat e Llukës on 1 May 1990, which was attended by between 100,000 and 500,000 participants.
Over a period of three years (1990-1992), approximately one third of the entire population of Kosovo was documented to be actively involved in restorative justice conferences to end the blood feuds.
[4] By 1992, the reconciliation campaign ended at least 1,200 deadly blood feuds, and in 1993, not a single homicide occurred in Kosovo.