28 December] 1918[1] in Kharkiv by Vitaly Primakov[2] who previously participated in the October Revolution and was among those who stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg).

[1] The formations were established voluntarily and composed out of workers and peasants predominantly Ukrainians, but also contained other ethnic representatives (Russians, Jews, others).

[1] Sister of Yuriy Kotsiubynsky, Oksana was in charge of agitation and propaganda and chief editor of Red Cossack newspaper "To arms" (Russian: К оружию).

During liberation of Ukraine from Bolsheviks, number of Red Cossacks sided with the Army of Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR) after the 1918 Battle of Poltava.

[4] After being withdrawn out of Ukraine, in summer of 1918 it was reformed into the 1st Dnieper Partizan detachment that operated in so called "neutral zone" that was established along the Russia–Ukraine border.