Part of the area is formed by interwar period designated nature reserves: the Red Marsh (consisting of mosaic of bog woodland, bog, swamp, mire and marsh habitats) and Perches (consisting of mineral islands formed by former shafts dune occupied by calcareous sand grasslands and oak and hornbeam woodlands surrounded by fenland).

A promoter of these sites and an activist for the preservation of remaining natural ecosystems in Poland, professor Simona Kossak, is the author of a daily broadcast (What's hot) on "Radio Bialystok".

Presence of this nature reserves and surrounding areas of wilderness was the main reason for the designation of Biebrza National Park in 1989.

The Red Marsh, being away from the overflow land, wetlands, and riparian morass of the river, Biebrza is different in nature because it creates bogs overgrown with dwarf trees, which provide an excellent refuge for animals, especially for the rare and protected ungulate – moose (Alces alces), and red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus).

A valuable asset of the Red Swamp is not only natural habitat conditions for animals, but also unique vegetation.