Redan

A small redan whose faces make an obtuse angle with a vertex toward the enemy is called a flèche (arrow in French).

The Shevardino Redoubt (another redan) was erected as an early warning post a mile in front of the Bagration flèches.

Macdonald's oft-quoted description from Scotland's Gift: Golf is as follows: Take a narrow tableland, tilt it a little from right to left, dig a deep bunker on the front side, approach it diagonally and you have a Redan.This definition serves well to explain the basic concept.

Macdonald built his original American Redan as the fourth hole at the National Golf Links of America, commonly known as NGLA.

He and his design cohorts, Seth Raynor and Charles "Steamshovel" Banks built a Redan or a reverse version of it at nearly every course that they constructed.

It is a design element that has been copied by modern architects frequently - most notably the husband & wife team of Pete and Alice Dye, and Tom Doak.

Many Redan holes are flanked by a variety of deep bunkers, in the typical arrangement one fronts on the left side.

The NGLA version, more the inspiration for modern copies than the original hole, introduced this concept of green visibility to the design.

As at November 2018, CAMRA's WhatPub website lists only two extant pubs called the Redan: one in Wokingham, Berkshire and one in Chilcompton, near Bath.