It is formed by the River Rede, which rises in the Cheviots and flows down to join the North Tyne at Redesmouth.

Redesdale is traversed by the A68 trunk road, which enters Scotland via Carter Bar at the head of the valley.

This valley has historically served as an important route into Scotland, and has seen conflict since the time of the Roman Empire.

In 1388, Otterburn was the site of a historic battle between armies from the kingdoms of England and Scotland, largely fought by moonlight.

[1] During the Middle Ages, Elsdon was the economic centre of the area: it served as the market town and as the gathering place for the local graynes (extended Border families).